Yakasiyana-siyana zvirevo zvesimbi isina tsvina mu stock
Nzira yechigadzirwa inosarudza kushanda kwayo zvishoma. Kazhinji, kunyatsojeka kwepombi yesimbi isina musono yakaderera: kukora kwemadziro asina kuenzana, kupenya kwakaderera mukati nekunze kwepombi, mutengo wakakwira saizi, uye pockmarks uye mavara matema mukati nekunze kwekunze hazvisi nyore kubvisa; Kuonekwa kwayo uye kuumbwa kwayo kunofanirwa kugadziriswa pasina Indaneti. Naizvozvo, inomiririra zvayakanakira mukumanikidza kwakanyanya, kusimba kwepamusoro uye michina yekugadzira zvinhu.
Zvinoenderana neiyo metallographic chimiro chesimbi isina tsvina, yakakamurwa kuita semi Ferritic uye semi martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic ferritic simbi isina seamless pombi, nezvimwe.
A.Zvinoenderana negb14975-2002 simbi isina musono pombi yesimbi, kureba kwepombi yesimbi kunowanzoita 1.5 ~ 10m kune inopisa yakakungurutswa simbi pombi (kureba kusingagumi), uye 1m kune inopisa extruded simbi pombi. 1.0 ~ 7m yekutonhora inodhonzwa (yakakungurutswa) simbi pombi ine madziro ukobvu hwe0.5 ~ 1.0mm; Kana ukobvu hwemadziro hwakakura kupfuura 1.0mm, 1.5 ~ 8m.
B.Kune makumi mana neshanu emhando dzesimbi dzinopisa dzakakungurutswa (dzinopisa extruded) dzine madhayamita e54 ~ 480mm; Kune makumi matatu nematanhatu marudzi ane madziro ukobvu hwe4.5 ~ 45mm. Kune marudzi makumi matanhatu neshanu emapombi esimbi anotonhorwa (akakungurutswa) ane dhayamita ye6 ~ 200mm; Kune marudzi makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe ane madziro ukobvu hwe0.5 ~ 21mm.
C.Nzvimbo dzemukati nekunze dzepombi dzesimbi hadzina kutsemuka, kupeta, kupeta, kutsemuka, kupeta, kutsemuka uye makwasha. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvichabviswa zvachose (kunze kwepombi dzekugadzira). Mushure mekubviswa, madziro emadziro uye dhayamita yekunze haingapfuuri kukanganisa kwakashata. Zvimwe zvirema zvidiki zvepasi zvisingapfuure zvinotenderwa zvakashata zvakatsauka zvinogona kusabviswa.
D.Kudzika kunobvumirwa kweyakatwasuka. Mapaipi esimbi anopisa akakungurutswa uye anopisa ane dhayamita isingasviki kana akaenzana ne140mm haizove yakakura kupfuura 5% yezita remadziro ukobvu, uye kudzika kwakanyanya hakuzove kwakakura kupfuura 0.5mm; Cold yakadhonzwa (yakakungurutswa) simbi pombi haifaniri kudarika 4% yezita remadziro ukobvu, uye kudzika kwepamusoro hakuzove kwakakura kupfuura 0.3mm.
E. Migumo miviri yepombi yesimbi ichachekwa kuita makona ekurudyi uye mabhura achabviswa.
Zvinoenderana neiyo metallographic chimiro chesimbi isina tsvina, yakakamurwa kuita semi Ferritic uye semi martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic ferritic simbi isina seamless pombi, nezvimwe.
1. Kupisa kwakakungurutswa (yakaputirwa nesimbi isina musono pombi): chubhu yeraundi isina chinhu → kudziyisa → perforation → matatu roll cross rolling, kuramba achiumburuka kana extrusion → kubviswa pombi → kuyera (kana kuderedza) → kutonhora → kutwasanudza → hydrostatic test (kana kuona kukanganisa) → kumaka → warehousing
Iyo mbishi yekutenderedza chubhu isina musono ndeye round chubhu isina. Iyo yakatenderera chubhu isina chinhu ichachekwa uye inogadziriswa neanocheka, uye iyo isina chinhu ine kukura inosvika 1m inotumirwa kuchoto chekudziya kuburikidza nebhandi rekutakura. Iyo billet inotumirwa kuchoto chekupisa pakupisa kweanenge 1200 degrees Celsius. Iyo mafuta ndeye hydrogen kana acetylene. Kudzora tembiricha muchoto ndiro dambudziko guru. Mushure mekunge iyo round tube billet yabudiswa kubva muchoto, inofanira kubayiwa kuburikidza nekumanikidza piercer. Kazhinji, chinoboora chinowanzozivikanwa ndeye conical roll piercer. Iyi piercer ine yakakwira kugadzirwa kwemhando, yakanaka chigadzirwa mhando, yakakura perforation kuwedzera uye inogona kupfeka akasiyana mamakisi esimbi. Mushure mekuputika, iyo yakatenderera chubhu isina chinhu inotenderedzwa zvakatevedzana nematatu roll cross rolling, inoenderera ichikunguruka kana extrusion. Mushure me extrusion, bvisa pombi ye saizi. Muchina wekuisa saizi unotenderera musimbi embryo nekumhanya kwakanyanya kuburikidza neiyo conical drill kugadzira pombi yesimbi. Iyo dhayamita yemukati yepombi yesimbi inotariswa nekunze kwedhayamita kureba kweiyo saizi muchina bhiti. Mushure mekuyera, pombi yesimbi inopinda mushongwe yekutonhora uye inotonhodzwa nepfapfaidzo yemvura. Mushure mekutonhora, pombi yesimbi ichagadziriswa. Mushure mekutwasanuka, pombi yesimbi inotumirwa kune metal flaw detector (kana kuti hydrostatic test) nebhandi rekutakura kuti rione kukanganisa kwemukati. Kana pane kuputika, mabhubhu uye mamwe matambudziko mukati mepombi yesimbi, ivo vanozoonekwa. Simbi mapaipi anofanira kunyatsosarudzwa nemaoko mushure mekuongorora kwehutano. Mushure mokunge pombi yesimbi yaongororwa, nhamba, tsanangudzo, nhamba yekugadzira batch, nezvimwewo ichapfapfaidzwa nepende. ndokusimudzwa mudura nekireni.
2. Inotonhora inodhonzwa (yakakungurutswa) isina musono pombi yesimbi: yakatenderera chubhu isina chinhu → kudziyisa → perforation → musoro → annealing → pickling → kuzora (copper plating) → yakawanda kupfuura inotonhora kudhirowa (inotonhora kukunguruka) → isina chinhu chubhu → kupisa kupisa → kutwasanura → hydrostatic test (chikanganiso kuona) → kumaka → kuchengetera zvinhu.
Iyo yekutenderedza nzira yeinotonhora inodhonzwa (yakakungurutswa) isina musono pombi yesimbi yakaoma kupfuura iyo inopisa yakakungurutswa (yakasimudzwa) isina musono pombi yesimbi. Matanho matatu ekutanga ekugadzira kwavo maitiro akafanana. Musiyano unotangira padanho rechina. Mushure mekunge chubhu isina chinhu yabviswa, inoda kutangwa uye kuvharirwa. Mushure mekuvhara, yakakosha asidhi mvura ichashandiswa pakunhonga. Mushure mekutora, shandisa mafuta. Zvadaro inoteverwa neakawanda pass inotonhora kudhirowa (inotonhora rolling) uye yakakosha kupisa kurapwa. Mushure mekurapa kwekupisa, ichagadziriswa.
Zvinoenderana neyakasiyana nzira dzekugadzira, inogona kukamurwa kuita inopisa yakakungurutswa pombi, inotonhora yakakungurutswa pombi, inotonhora inodhonzwa pombi, yakawedzera pombi, nezvimwe.
1.1. Inopisa yakakungurutswa simbi isina musono pombi inowanzo gadzirwa pane otomatiki pombi inotenderedza chigayo. Mushure mekuongorora uye kubviswa kwehurema hwepamusoro, iyo pombi yakasimba isina chinhu inochekwa muhurefu hunodiwa, yakanangidzirwa pamagumo ekupedzisira kwepombi isina kuvharwa, yozotumirwa kuchoto chekudziya kwekupisa uye kuboora pane inobaya. Panguva yekuboora, inotenderera uye ichifambira mberi. Pasi pechiito chepumburu uye plug, gomba rinoumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma mukati mepombi isina chinhu, iyo inonzi rough pipe. Zvadaro inotumirwa kune automatic pipe mill kuti ienderere mberi. Chekupedzisira, ukobvu hwemadziro hunogadziriswa nemuchina wese, uye dhayamita inotemerwa nemuchina wekuyera kuti usangane nezvinodiwa. Iyo inzira yepamusoro yekugadzira inopisa yakakungurutswa isina musono pombi neinopfuurira pombi chigayo.
1.2. Kana iwe uchida kuwana mapombi asina musono ane saizi diki uye mhando iri nani, unofanirwa kushandisa inotonhora yekutenderedza, inotonhora kudhirowa kana musanganiswa wezvose. Cold rolling inowanzoitwa paguyo maviri akakwirira. Iyo pombi yesimbi inokungurutswa mune annular pass inoumbwa neinoshanduka chikamu denderedzwa groove uye yakagadziriswa conical plug. Kudhirowa kunotonhora kunowanzoitwa pane imwechete cheni kana kaviri ketani inotonhora yekudhirowa muchina we 0.5 ~ 100t.
1.3. Extrusion nzira inoreva kuti inopisa chubhu blank inoiswa yakavharwa extrusion humburumbira, uye perforated tsvimbo inofamba pamwe extrusion tsvimbo kuti extrusion chikamu extrusion kubva diki kufa gomba. Iyi nzira inogona kugadzira mapaipi esimbi ane dhayamita diki.
Rudzi urwu rwepombi yesimbi inogona kukamurwa kuita simbi isina musono pombi yesimbi uye simbi isina tsvina yakashongedzerwa simbi pombi (yakatsemurwa pombi), iyo inogona kugadzirwa zvinoenderana neyakasiyana kugadzirwa maitiro.
Aya marudzi ekutanga ndeaya: kupisa kukunguruka, extrusion, kudhirowa kunotonhora uye kutonhora kukunguruka. Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechikamu, vanogona kukamurwa kuita denderedzwa pombi uye yakakosha-yakaumbwa pombi. Circular simbi pombi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi kune zvakare mamwe akasarudzika-akaumbwa-stainless simbi mapaipi akadai sikweya, rectangular, semicircular, hexagonal, equilateral triangle uye octagonal.
Muedzo weHydraulic uchaitirwa iyo pombi yesimbi inotakura mvura yekumanikidza kuyedza kuramba kwayo uye kunaka. Inokodzera kana pasina kuvuza, kunyorova kana kuwedzera pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakataurwa. Mamwe mapombi esimbi anozovewo pasi pekuyedzwa kwecrimping, kuyedza kuyedza uye kuyedza kufefetera zvinoenderana nechiyero kana zvinodiwa zveanoda.
Seamless Stainless simbi pombi, inozivikanwawo seyesimbi isina musono pombi, inogadzirwa nesimbi ingot kana pombi yakasimba isina chinhu kuburikidza nekuboora, uye yozogadzirwa nekupisa kunotenderedza, kutonhora kukunguruka kana kutonhora kudhirowa. Iyo yakatarwa yesimbi isina musono pombi inoratidzwa mu mm yekunze dhayamita * madziro ukobvu
Zvinoenderana neiyo metallographic chimiro chesimbi isina tsvina, yakakamurwa kuita semi Ferritic uye semi martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, martensitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic simbi isina musono pombi, austenitic ferritic simbi isina seamless pombi, nezvimwe.
